Cyprus

The Cyprus Conspiracy: America, Espionage and the Turkish Invasion
American power politics - which means Kissinger and other Jews.
Page 144 et seq 6 October 1973 Arabs attacked the Jews with Soviet resupply to regain territory stolen by aforesaid Jews, who would have lost if Kissinger had not given them American resupply. This was the Yom Kippur War. K wanted English and European help. They refused because the Arabs could cut off their oil. K was furious. The Arabs did it anyway albeit this book skates over that detail - see 1973 oil crisis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. The Sovs were prepared to airlift men as well as kit. K put the Americans on full alert and threatened to go nuclear. It worked. It proves rather adequately that America is run by Jews for Jews.

 

Suez Crisis
Was a loss for England and a victory for the Jews. It gave them access to the northern part of the Red Sea
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The Suez Crisis,...... was a war fought by Britain, France, and Israel against Egypt beginning on 29 October 1956. The attack followed Egypt's decision of 26 July 1956 to nationalize the Suez Canal, after the withdrawal of an offer by Britain and the United States to fund the building of the Aswan Dam, which was partly in response to Egypt recognizing the People's Republic of China during the height of tensions between China and Taiwan.

The three allies, especially Israel, were mainly successful in attaining their immediate military objectives, but pressure from the United States and the USSR at the United Nations and elsewhere forced them to withdraw. Britain and France completely failed in their political and strategic aim of controlling the canal. Israel fulfilled some of its objectives, attaining the freedom of navigation through the Straits of Tiran and the pacification of the Egyptian-Israeli border through UNEF...................

In the aftermath of the Second World War, Great Britain was reassessing its role in the region in light of the severe economic constraints and its colonial history. The economic potential of the Middle East, with its vast oil reserves, as well as the Suez Canal's geo-strategic importance against the background of the Cold War, prompted Britain to consolidate and strengthen its position there. The kingdoms of Egypt and Iraq were seen as vital to maintaining strong British influence in the region..........

Egypt's post-war domestic politics were experiencing a radical change, prompted in no small part by economic instability, inflation, and unemployment. Unrest began to manifest itself in the growth of radical political groups, such as the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, and an increasingly hostile attitude towards Britain and her presence in the country. Added to this anti-British fervour was the role Britain had played in the creation of Israel.........

After Suez, Cyprus, Aden and Iraq became the main bases for the British in the region while the French concentrated their forces at Bizerte and Beirut. UNEF was placed in the Sinai (on Egyptian territory only) with the express purpose of maintaining the cease-fire. While effective in preventing the small-scale warfare that prevailed before 1956 and after 1967, budgetary cutbacks and changing needs had seen the force shrink to 3,378 by 1967.
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The Wiki is fairly open about the Jews attacking too. British government lies to the Arabs did not help. Helping the Jews steal Palestine did not either.

 

Kapustin Yar
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Kapustin Yar (Russian: Капустин Яр) is a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast, between Volgograd and Astrakhan. Known today as Znamensk (Russian: Знаменск), it was established 13 May 1946 and in the beginning used technology, material, and scientific support from defeated Germany. Numerous launches of test rockets for the Russian military were carried out at the site, as well as satellite and sounding rocket launches.

The 4th Missile Test Range "Kapustin Yar" was established by a decree of the Soviet Government "On Questions of Jet Propelled Weapons" on 13 May 1946. The test range was created under the supervision of General-lieutenant Vasily Voznyuk (commander in chief of the test range 1946-1973) in the desert north end of the Astrakhan region. The first rocket was launched from the site on 18 October 1947; it was one of eleven German A-4s that had been captured.

The State R&D Test Range No 8 (GNIIP-8, "test range S") was established at Kapustin Yar in June 1951.

Five atmospheric nuclear tests of small power (10-40 kt) were performed over the site in 1957-1961 [1].

With the further growth and development, the site became a cosmodrome, serving in this function since 1966 (with interruption in 1988-1998). The town of Znamensk was established to support the scientists working on the facilities, their families, and supporting personnel. Initially this was a secret city, not to be found on maps and inaccessible to outsiders.

Evidence of the importance of Kapustin Yar was obtained by Western intelligence through debriefing of returning German scientists and spy flights. The first such flight reportedly took place in mid-1953 using a high flying Canberra aircraft of the RAF. Numerous circumstantial reports suggest this flight took place, using either a Canberra B2 or a PR3, but the UK Government has never admitted such a flight took place nor have any of the supposed participants provided direct evidence^[1][2]

Kapustin Yar is also the site of numerous Soviet-era UFO sightings and has been called "Russia's Roswell".^[3]
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It is north of the Caspian Sea and northeast of the Aral Sea. Presumably it fires to the east across miles of empty, worthless land toward Kamchatka.

 

Tyuratam Or Baikonur?
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We [ the Americans  ] named the Soviet spaceport after a railroad station on a Nazi map — but that’s 200 miles more accurate than the official name.

The Soviet Union refuses to recognize, and detests, the place-name designation “Tyuratam” affixed by the US government to the principal USSR missile and space test center.  The name Tyuratam has long been accepted throughout the West, but has never appeared in Soviet announcements or publications concerning their deep-space and ICBM weapons programs...........

I’ve often wondered why they did not use the name Tyuratam to begin with.  The probable reason is that they did not want to admit they had erred in their overwhelming penchant for security.  It might also be because, in Kazakh, “Tyuratam” means “arrow burial ground” — hardly a good name for a missile test center.  Tyuratam sounds bad enough, but “Baykonur” in Kazakh translates as “the master with the light brown hair.”
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The man who named it explains all.

 

Tyuratam - called Baikonur by the Russians
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It was this launch site that Francis Gary Powers, in his U-2, was trying to locate by following railway lines within the Soviet Union, when he was shot down. Up until that event the CIA had systematically been tracking over the major rail networks of the Soviet Union in a bid to find the launch site.^{[citation needed]}
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But it was found which helped spying on their rocketry.

 

Baikonur Cosmodrome - called Tyuratam by the CIA
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The Baikonur Cosmodrome (Russian: Космодром Байконур, Kosmodrom Baykonur; Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı), also called Tyuratam, is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppes of Kazakhstan, about 200 kilometers (124 mi) east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at 90 metres above sea level. It is leased by the Kazakh government to Russia (currently until 2050) and is managed jointly by the Russian Federal Space Agency and the Russian Space Forces. The shape of the area leased is an ellipse, measuring 90 kilometres east-west by 85 kilometres north-south, with the cosmodrome at the centre. It was originally built by the Soviet Union in the late 1950s as the base of operations for its ambitious space program. Under the current Russian space program, Baikonur remains a busy space port, with numerous commercial, military and scientific missions being launched annually.^[1]

Vostok 1, the first manned spacecraft in human history, was launched from one of Baikonur's launch pads, which is presently known as Gagarin's Start.

The Soviet government issued the decree about Scientific-Research Test Range No. 5 (NIIP-5; Russian: Nauchno-Issledovatel’skii Ispytatel’nyi Poligon N.5) on 12 February 1955. It was actually founded on 2 June 1955, originally being a test center for a first missile of a completely new class — the intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), the R-7 Semyorka. NIIP-5 was soon expanded to include launch facilities for space flight. Site was selected by a commission led by Gen. Vasily Voznyuk, influenced by Sergey Korolyov, the Chief Designer of the R-7 ICBM, and soon the man behind Soviet space program. It had to be surrounded by plains, as the radio control system of the rocket required (at the time) receiving uninterrupted signals from ground stations hundreds kilometres away.^[2] Additionally, the missile trajectory had to be away from populated area. Taking these two constrains into consideration, the commission chose Tyuratam, a village in the heart of the Kazakh steppe. The expense of constructing the launch facilities and the several hundred kilometres of new road and train lines made the Cosmodrome one of the most costly infrastructure projects the Soviets undertook. A supporting town was built around the facility to provide housing, schools and support infrastructure for workers. It was raised to city status in 1966 and named Leninsk (presently Baikonur).

The U-2 high-altitude reconnaissance plane found and photographed the Tyuratam missile test range for the first time on 5 August 1957.
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Watching Baikonur was a major part of the Cold War

 

Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle
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A multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) warhead is a collection of nuclear weapons carried on a single intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) or a submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM). Using a MIRV warhead, a single launched missile can strike several targets, or fewer targets redundantly. By contrast a unitary warhead is a single warhead on a single missile.
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Pershing II And SS-20
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D

D
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Us versus them. This was big time sabre rattling.

 

SS-20 Missile
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The UR-100N is an intercontinental ballistic missile in service with Soviet and Russian Strategic Rocket Forces. The missile was given the NATO reporting name SS-19 Stiletto and carries the industry designation 15A30. Russia has 136 missiles still in service, and plans to keep them in their arsenal until 2030. At present (2007) the missiles are deployed in Deraznja, Kozelsk and Pervomajsk y Tatiscevo.
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SS-20 could spoil your day. There are more nasties at List of missiles and List of NATO reporting names for surface to surface missiles

 

UKUSA Agreement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia
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The United Kingdom – United States of America (UKUSA) Agreement  is a multilateral agreement for cooperation in signals intelligence among the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It was first signed in March 1946 by the United Kingdom and the United States and later extended to encompass the three former British dominions. The UKUSA Agreement was a follow-up of the 1943 BRUSA Agreement, the World War II agreement on cooperation over intelligence matters. This was a secret treaty, allegedly so secret that it was kept secret from the Australian Prime Ministers until 1973.

The agreement established an alliance of five English-speaking countries for the purpose of sharing intelligence, especially signals intelligence. It formalized the intelligence sharing agreement in the Atlantic Charter, signed in 1941, before the entry of the U.S. into the conflict.
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It was important. It still is to some extent.

 

America Wants Major Military Base On United Cyprus
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ATHENS - It has been more than 50 years since the sophisticated surveillance equipment sitting atop Mount Troodos - the highest point on Cyprus - began scouring the airwaves across the Middle East, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Tirelessly, the huge dishes and antennas of the secret base have scanned electronic and radio signals, intercepting commercial, diplomatic and military communications wherever the West maintains interests..............

The United Kingdom and the United States have had intelligence interests in the strategically placed island ever since the dawn of the Cold War era. Today, the US has incorporated Cyprus into its global Echelon surveillance network as an early-warning post and listening station for communications across the region...........

"Cyprus played a crucial role in the western defense system by acting as an electronic ear for the whole of the Mediterranean," said Marios Evriviades, a former Cypriot diplomat who is now a senior associate at the prestigious Panteion University's Institute of International Relations in Athens.

If the eastern Mediterranean receded in significance after the Cold War - when it was feared that an unopposed Russian advance south would turn the area into a "Red Lake" - the advent of the "war on terrorism" has brought it back onto western policymakers' radars. The ongoing US occupation of Iraq, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO's) expansion east, terrorist attacks in Turkey and increasing pressure on Syria have all combined to put Cyprus back on the map as a key intelligence and logistics center........

The island sits astride key shipping routes and occupies a vital position in the eastern Mediterranean. At its northern tip, it faces the Turkish energy hub of Ceyhan while its southern extremity is just 200 kilometers from Egypt's strategic Suez Canal. Commerce aside, whoever controls Cyprus also has the strategic option of blocking access to Turkish ports, hence Ankara's insistence on keeping troops on the island even beyond unification..........

Later, the US got involved when the National Security Agency (NSA) installed an unmanned listening post in the Turkish-occupied north.... "The NSA listening post in Northern Cyprus plays the same role as the one in the southern part," said a strategic analyst who spoke on condition of anonymity. "These were operations that were restarted after the Turkish invasion of 1974........

Beyond spying, Cyprus has been a launching-pad for most of the past half century's Anglo-American interventions into the Arab world. In the1950s, US involvement in Lebanon and Jordan was initiated from the British bases on the island. The Americans also secured rights to move bomber groups into Cyprus and Turkey in the event of a global war against the Soviets and could launch U-2 spy planes to monitor military developments and the Soviet ballistic missile deterrent.

The British moved all their operations to Cyprus after the loss of their military bases in Suez to Egyptian nationalism and stored nuclear bombs on the island. As British prime minister Anthony Eden put it at the time: "No Cyprus, no certain facilities to protect our supply of oil. No oil, unemployment and hunger in Britain. It is as simple as that."
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Sovereign Base Areas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Akrotiri and Dhekelia
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D

D
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Were operational front line bases in the Cold War

 

 

 

 

 

Ayios Nikolaos (Cyprus - UK)
Ayios Nikolaos Station, (Also spelled Agios Nikolaos Station, Greek: Άγιος Νικόλαος) is a British army station and part of in the British Sovereign Base Area of Dhekelia in Cyprus. It is a former village (Ayios Nikolaos, SBA) connected by a road to the main area of the Dhekelia Garrison. The Joint Service Signal Unit (JSSU), formerly 9 Signal Regiment (2 Wireless Regiment pre-1959) and the Royal Air Force's 33 Signals Unit, is based at Ayios Nikolaos. This unit is a British Armed Forces run Government Communications Headquarters electronic intelligence gathering station.

The Joint Service Signal Unit (Cyprus) (JSSU(Cyp)) was formed on 27 May 2003 as a result of the amalgamation of the Joint Service Signal Unit (Ayios Nikolaos) and elements of 33 Signals Unit RAF. It is a three-squadron organisation, commanded by a Royal Signals Lieutenant Colonel, with a number of Royal Air Force and civilian contractors attached.

Note that Ayios Nikolaos or Agios Nikolaos is a very common place name in Greece and Cyprus since it is Greek for "Saint Nicholas".

 

Ayios Nikolaos Station
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Ayios Nikolaos Station, (Also spelled Agios Nikolaos Station, Greek: Άγιος Νικόλαος) is a British army station and part of in the British Sovereign Base Area of Dhekelia in Cyprus. It is a former village (Ayios Nikolaos, SBA) connected by a road to the main area of the Dhekelia Garrison. The Joint Service Signal Unit (JSSU), formerly 9 Signal Regiment (2 Wireless Regiment pre-1959) and the Royal Air Force's 33 Signals Unit, is based at Ayios Nikolaos. This unit is a British Armed Forces run Government Communications Headquarters electronic intelligence gathering station.

The Joint Service Signal Unit (Cyprus) (JSSU(Cyp)) was formed on 27 May 2003 as a result of the amalgamation of the Joint Service Signal Unit (Ayios Nikolaos) and elements of 33 Signals Unit RAF. It is a three-squadron organisation, commanded by a Royal Signals Lieutenant Colonel, with a number of Royal Air Force and civilian contractors attached.
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Echelon (signals intelligence)
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ECHELON is a name used in global media and in popular culture to describe a signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection and analysis network operated on behalf of the five signatory states to the UK–USA Security Agreement (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, known as AUSCANNZUKUS). It has also been described as the only software system which controls the download and dissemination of the intercept of commercial satellite trunk communications.

ECHELON was reportedly created to monitor the military and diplomatic communications of the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies during the Cold War in the early 1960s, but since the end of the Cold War it is believed to search also for hints of terrorist plots, drug dealers' plans, and political and diplomatic intelligence.

The system has been reported in a number of public sources. Its capabilities and political implications were investigated by a committee of the European Parliament during 2000 and 2001 with a report published in 2001, and by author James Bamford in his books on the National Security Agency of the United States.

In its report, the European Parliament states that the term ECHELON is used in a number of contexts, but that the evidence presented indicates that it was the name for a signals intelligence collection system. The report concludes that, on the basis of information presented, ECHELON was capable of interception and content inspection of telephone calls, fax, e-mail and other data traffic globally through the interception of communication bearers including satellite transmission, public switched telephone networks (which once carried most Internet traffic) and microwave links.

Bamford describes the system as the software controlling the collection and distribution of civilian telecommunications traffic conveyed using communication satellites, with the collection being undertaken by ground stations located in the footprint of the downlink leg.
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American Listening Posts In Northern Cyprus 
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When Turkey invaded Cyprus in July 1974, Kissinger was only concerned about the continued operation of U.S. intelligence bases in Turkey and three in the presently under Turkish military control and occupied north zone of Cyprus: Yerolakkos, Mia Milia, and Karavas. Eventually, these listening stations were evacuated in 1975 by CIA agents and U.S. Marines."

"We can also now add Cypriot President Archbishop Makarios to the long list of foreign leaders targeted for assassination by the CIA and Kissinger. From the book "The Cyprus Conspiracy" by Brendan O'Malley and Ian Craig, we know that on July 15, 1974, Makarios's Presidential Palace in Nicosia was hit with artillery fire from tanks while Makarios was greeting a group of young schoolchildren from Cairo. Makarios' Presidential Guard fought the coup plotters off for several hours until the rebellious troops stormed the building and set fire to it. The CIA saw to it that Cyprus Radio broadcast the news that Makarios was dead."

"On March 8, 1970, Makarios' helicopter was hit with bullets in an assassination attempt also linked to the CIA and the Greek Colonels junta in Athens. Kissinger, at the time, served as Nixon's National Security Adviser."
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This seems entirely likely but it is not a primary source.

 

New Antenna For British Listening Post In Cyprus [ 15 June 2005 ]
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A NEW, flat antenna will be installed at the Dhekelia listening post of Ayios Nicolaos to replace an obsolete one, which has recently been removed.

Spokesman at the British Bases, Captain Peter Thacker, said, “the new antenna covers a large area but is less than one metre in height and produces zero electro-magnetic emissions. It will help the United Kingdom to continue to maintain secure communications links with the rest of the world.”

He added that it has receive-only capabilities. “There are a number of similar antenna in the area but they are nothing like the ones at Akrotiri. I would like to emphasize that there have been similar antenna in Dhekelia for over 15 years, with no adverse effects.” Thacker said work on the new antenna “will begin in July and will see no net increase in the number of operational sites.”
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Listening is still important. Decrypting is too but they are saying nothing about that.

 

Jeffrey T. Richelson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Academic, American, big in security

 

Strategic and Defence Studies Centre - Wikipedia, the free ...
University department in Oz,

 

Des Ball - Asia Pacific Research - Research School of Pacific and ...
Australian, academic, Des is big in security in Oz.

 

Body Of Secrets By James Bamford - tells us about American spy posts in Cyprus
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166 NSA began expanding its presence on Cyprus: Throughout the 1960s, the agency began sending select intercept operators through grueling yearlong courses in Arabic and Hebrew. At the same time it continued to expand its listening posts on Cyprus, the key location for eavesdropping on the region. Monitoring stations were quietly built at Karavas, Mia Milea, and in the shadows of Troodos Mountain. Another was set up at Yerolakkos, just outside of the capitol of Nicosia. But a major setback occurred in 1967 when Israel attacked the USS Liberty, an NSA eavesdropping ship, while it was in international waters off Egypt during the Six Day War (for further information see Chapter 7). Among those killed were a number of critically needed Arabic linguists.
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Mr Bamford knows what he is writing about and he is trusted; he does not say too much.

 

Hostage to History: Cyprus from the Ottomans to Kissinger
by Christopher Hitchens
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Product Description
An updated survey of the partition of Cyprus. In a compelling study of great-power misconduct, Christopher Hitchens examines the events leading up to the partition of Cyprus and its legacy. He argues that the intervention of four major foreign powers, Turkey, Greece, Britain and the United States, turned a local dispute into a major disaster. In a new afterword, Hitchens reviews the implications of the Republic of Cyprus's applications for European union membership, the escalating regional arms race between Greece and Turkey, and last year's Greek Cypriot protests along the partition border.
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Mr Hitchens, a Jew with an agenda tells us that the Greeks should have Cyprus. The high probability that they would then proceed to murder all Turks on the island is treated as a matter of indifference. We are informed on page 31 that Theodor Herzl tried to convince His Majesty's Government to let the Jews have it as a homeland. The rights of the locals were, naturally a matter of deep seated indifference. They proved that by murdering thousands when they stole Palestine.  The product description aka the blurb should be regarded as tendentious waffle.

Errors & omissions, broken links, cock ups, over-emphasis, malice [ real or imaginary ] or whatever; if you find any I am open to comment.
 
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